Placebo

Placebo-controlled comparator used in SURPASS-1 (monotherapy), SURPASS-5 (add-on to insulin glargine), and the SURMOUNT obesity trials. Placebo-controlled trials establish the absolute effect of tirzepatide (e.g. HbA1c reduction vs placebo: −1.87% to −2.37% across SURPASS-1; weight loss vs placebo: up to −20.9% in SURMOUNT-1). Active comparator trials (vs semaglutide, degludec, dulaglutide) reflect relative superiority.

Connections

• Tirzepatide — compared against
• SURPASS-1 — placebo arm
• SURPASS-5 — placebo arm