GRADE

GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) is the system Cochrane uses to rate how certain a body of evidence is, outcome by outcome: high, moderate, low or very low. Randomised evidence starts high and is rated down for risk of bias, inconsistency, indirectness, imprecision and publication bias; non-randomised evidence starts low. It explains wording such as “probably” and “may” in the eczema reviews this vault relies on, and indirectness (adult or mixed-age trials) often lowers certainty for toddlers.

Connections

• Cochrane — adopted GRADE for Summary of findings tables, source: Cochrane Handbook ch. 14
• Bleach Baths — Bakaa 2022 meta-analysis graded with GRADE, source: Bakaa 2022