Conflicts — emollient-ingredients (round 3)

Conflict: [Piquero-Casals et al., Dermatol Ther 2021] cites a systematic review recommending “topical urea as a first-line choice in AD”. [Cochrane, van Zuuren et al. 2017] found no reliable evidence that one moisturiser beats another; urea evidence was low-quality and single-study, with more adverse events (RR 1.65). [PrescQIPP, 2015] advises keeping urea for scaling skin or for when other emollients have failed. Unresolved. See Urea Creams.

Conflict: [Nugroho et al., Indian J Dermatol 2023] concludes that ceramide moisturisers improve AD severity more than other moisturisers (SCORAD MD −0.98). [Gupta et al., Pediatr Dermatol 2023] found ceramide and paraffin moisturisers comparable in children (p = 0.37). Unresolved. See Ceramides.

Conflict: [Panther & Jacob, J Clin Med 2015] say maintaining normal pH “is well known to benefit” AD. [Same review 2015; Kumar & Das, IJDVL 2023] report a paucity of clinical evidence, with benefits shown mainly in mice. Unresolved. See Skin pH.