Proactive Therapy / TCIs — open questions

• Is proactive (twice-weekly) TCS or TCI safe and effective specifically in 1–4-year-olds over >1 year? Prevention trials ran ~16–20 weeks with few toddlers.
• Does twice-weekly potent TCS beat twice-weekly tacrolimus head-to-head (Schmitt 2011 comparison was only indirect)?
• What do TCIs cost per tube in the UK (NHS tariff), US and South Africa, and how do prescribing restrictions (specialist-only initiation) affect toddler access?
• Will the FDA revise the 2006 boxed warning in light of the 2023 meta-analysis, as Health Canada did?