Open questions — probiotics (round 6)

• Is there any specific probiotic strain, dose and timing (e.g. L. rhamnosus GG in late pregnancy plus breastfeeding) whose eczema-prevention effect replicates across independent trials, or is the pooled signal an artefact of mixing heterogeneous regimens?
• Does maternal-only or perinatal probiotic supplementation that prevents early eczema change the course of eczema in the toddler years (ages 1–4) or the Atopic March, given most follow-ups stop at age 2?
• Would an adequately powered, blinded RCT of topical breast milk versus plain emollient in toddlers (rather than 6-child pilots or a single-site infant trial vs hydrocortisone) show any effect, and does the bacterial content of expressed milk matter on broken skin?